Background: Despite being a common disease with a complexity of symptoms, irritable bowel syndrome is often under-recognized and under-treated by GPs. Improving the early identification of symptoms...Show moreBackground: Despite being a common disease with a complexity of symptoms, irritable bowel syndrome is often under-recognized and under-treated by GPs. Improving the early identification of symptoms is in order to be provide an early, adequate IBS diagnosis and maybe even treatment. The aim was to create a model to predict IBS-diagnosis two years before onset with the use of routine primary healthcare data. Methods: A cohort study was caried out based on the available routine primary healthcare data from GPs in Leiden and the Hague. From this data patients have been extracted with first onset IBS between January 2017 to December 2018, the IBS-cohort. Patients were also randomly selected (1:10) without the IBS-diagnosis, the non-IBS cohort. The data included demographic, enrolment information, clinical coding of symptoms and diagnosis according to the International Classification of Primary Cara (ICPC), and medical administrative data. Stepwise backward selection was used to select certain potential predictors out of the 104 available variables. With the use of logistic regression, these selected predictors were used to generate an effective prediction model. Model performance was assessed with the use of stepwise backward selection and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Findings: Data from approximately 300,000 patients were available. The study population included 3586 patients, in which the IBS diagnosis was recorded in 326 patients (9.1%). The baseline model, the full model with all available non-selected predictors and the selected prediction model all showed a good performance, of 0.63, 0.73 and 0.71. Conclusions: To improve the under-recognition and under-treatment of IBS this study has demonstrated the potential of prediction models in identifying IBS-diagnosis in patients. Further research is needed to externally validate the generalizability of this study. Also, improvement can be found in implementing the social, psychological and emotional symptoms in the model.Show less
Catalogues have been a staple library feature for the last several centuries, a useful finding tool for readers and organizational aid for librarians; they are also a representation of a particular...Show moreCatalogues have been a staple library feature for the last several centuries, a useful finding tool for readers and organizational aid for librarians; they are also a representation of a particular place and time. The form and content of a catalogue can provide insights into the social norms and scholarly interests of the era in which it was created. Employing a longitudinal and comparative approach, this thesis examines the published catalogues of Leiden University Library’s Hebrew manuscripts collection throughout its four centuries of existence. I compare these catalogues, mark the differences in the ways they describe Hebrew manuscripts, and illuminate the social changes or emerging scholarly fields that likely influenced their creators. Throughout this thesis, I argue that when it comes to Hebrew manuscripts, any examination of historical cataloguing trends or choices cannot be complete without also considering that era’s societal attitudes toward Jews, the original creators of the language and texts contained in said manuscripts. I conclude that there exists a direct correlation between the quality of the catalogues’ manuscript descriptions and the cataloguer’s knowledge of the Hebrew language and of Jewish literature and culture; I extrapolate the implications of this conclusion for the future of manuscript cataloguing in the digital age.Show less
This thesis set out to analyse the eighteenth-century library of Johanna Paauw. If looking at the books in someone's bookcase offers some insight into who they are, what might one conclude on the...Show moreThis thesis set out to analyse the eighteenth-century library of Johanna Paauw. If looking at the books in someone's bookcase offers some insight into who they are, what might one conclude on the basis of Johanna Paauw's bookshelves?Show less
Just as many other towns in the Dutch Republic, Leiden had a flourishing book industry during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Of a few of the Leiden printers, active in these centuries,...Show moreJust as many other towns in the Dutch Republic, Leiden had a flourishing book industry during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Of a few of the Leiden printers, active in these centuries, inventories of their printing offices have survived, mainly as notarial documents. In this thesis, the different type faces and sizes of fourteen Leiden printing offices in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are analysed to give a better view of the Leiden book industry in this time.Show less
If the process of conversion is gradual, what part of the process is influenced by a particular evangelistic strategy? And if conversion means that the old and the new get mixed, then what is the...Show moreIf the process of conversion is gradual, what part of the process is influenced by a particular evangelistic strategy? And if conversion means that the old and the new get mixed, then what is the role of evangelism in this? For my thesis, I want to use these new perspectives on conversion to analyze the role that evangelism plays in people's conversion stories. My main question will be the following: “What role do evangelistic efforts by growth-oriented churches in Leiden play in people's conversions and how can this influence be explained?”Show less
This edition elaborately discusses the letters between London based nurseryman William Malcolm (d.1798) and David van Royen (1727-1799), professor of Botany and the director of the Hortus Botanicus...Show moreThis edition elaborately discusses the letters between London based nurseryman William Malcolm (d.1798) and David van Royen (1727-1799), professor of Botany and the director of the Hortus Botanicus in Leiden, written between 1768-1773. The research focuses on how this correspondence gives insight in the study of botany in Leiden and the development of its botanical garden, the international plant trade and the extensive network of people involved, and the close relationship between science and commerce in the second half of the eighteenth century.Show less
This thesis is an scholarly edition of a children's book together with its nametags from the Holy Spirit Orphanage in Leiden. The book has been written between 1491 and 1544. This edition is...Show moreThis thesis is an scholarly edition of a children's book together with its nametags from the Holy Spirit Orphanage in Leiden. The book has been written between 1491 and 1544. This edition is divided into two parts. Part 1 provides a broad introduction to the subject and part 2 contains a diplomatic transcription of both the children's book and the nametags.Show less
In seventeenth century Holland, a fierce urban competition stimulated civic magistrates to commission works of art that increased their city's prestige. Prestigious cities had more political power...Show moreIn seventeenth century Holland, a fierce urban competition stimulated civic magistrates to commission works of art that increased their city's prestige. Prestigious cities had more political power and influence in the province, which allowed them to secure their interests more effectively. Leiden's magistrate increased the city's prestige in the province by commissioning maps that reflected Leiden's urban identity and showed its importance in Holland between 1574 and 1700. Maps allowed urban magistrates to promote their cities to a larger audience compared to traditional works of art. Leiden's magistrate commissioned maps that reflected the importance of the relief of 1574 for the Dutch Revolt, the city's university, and its textile industry. By promoting these elements of Leiden's identity to a broad audience of elites and non-elites in the Dutch Republic and Europe, these maps increased Leiden's prestige in the political arena of Holland and secured the city's influence and power in the province.Show less
The sixties were a time of social movements, public debates and changing perspectives. It was the time that in the Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde new ideas about its collecting practice came up. But...Show moreThe sixties were a time of social movements, public debates and changing perspectives. It was the time that in the Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde new ideas about its collecting practice came up. But only little is known about the collecting practice and collections policy of the Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde in the 1960’s. This Master thesis was written to find out what these looked like. Research questions were: was there a collections policy in the sixties in the Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde? What did it look like? And is this collections policy reflected in the actual acquisitions, especially from Middle- and South-America? Three methods were used for collecting data: the jaarverslagen (annual reports), correspondence between the museum and the collectors and TMS (The Museum System, the museum’s collections database). A database was set up to combine information from TMS with that of the jaarverslagen. This database showed the total amount of objects given to and collected for and by the museum per year. The jaarverslagen, written by director Pott, proved to useful in understanding the difficulties in forming a new collections policy. The jaarverslagen also show the need to collect but this was not always possible due to financial problems. The correspondence between the museum and the collectors gave a good insight in the collecting practice. It can be concluded that there was no actual collections policy present in the sixties. The collecting practice very much depended on personal preferences of the director and the curators. However, there were some common ideas about collecting in the museum. One of them was that objects from ‘unknown’ cultures should be collected but in a way that visitors could identify with them. This can be clearly seen in the Borys Malkin and Luis Laffer collections. Also the idea of ‘saving’ parts of cultures before they disappeared is part of these common ideas. Malkin was one of the collectors that worked with this so-called ‘salvage anthropology’. Pott’s ideas about the collections policy are not very different from the collecting practice. His ideas are clearly visible in the collecting practice and this can lead to the conclusion that Pott was well aware of the difficulties and possibilities of the collecting practice.Show less
This study examines the Egyptian collection of antiquities in the National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden after the addition of Anastasi's collection and creates a comparison with the Egyptian...Show moreThis study examines the Egyptian collection of antiquities in the National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden after the addition of Anastasi's collection and creates a comparison with the Egyptian collection of antiquities in the British Museum, London, after Salt's collection was incorporated. The aim of this research is to see if a large addition to a pre-existing collection affects the original plans for the overall collection. A theoretical framework has been constructed focussing on the already existing literature around these two collectors and the respective museums. This is supported by an internship at the National Museum of Antiquities to look in further detail at the artefact catalogue and carry out further research around the subject. The expected result is that the original plans for the two collections will have been changed quite rapidly when incorporated into the respective museums. This is due to the size and object type within the new collections and their impact on the other objects within the already existing museum collection. This research aims to explore the details of these developments, and whether any similarities can be identified between the two circumstances.Show less
