Elke taaluiting is in zekere zin argumentatief, omdat het een omschrijving is van de werkelijkheid en de werkelijkheid op oneindig veel manieren beschreven kan worden. De spreker/schrijver kiest...Show moreElke taaluiting is in zekere zin argumentatief, omdat het een omschrijving is van de werkelijkheid en de werkelijkheid op oneindig veel manieren beschreven kan worden. De spreker/schrijver kiest één mogelijke formulering en dat doet hij altijd met een bepaald (soms onbewust) doel. Verschillende formuleringen hebben verschillende effecten en sturen de luisteraar/lezer verschillende kanten op, in de richting van andere conclusies. Het bewust inzetten van taal om iemand anders te overtuigen wordt argumentatie genoemd. Argumentatie wordt volgens de pragma-dialectiek gebruikt in discussies om twee doelen na te streven, een dialectisch doel, gericht op redelijkheid, en een retorisch doel, gericht op effectiviteit. Een discussiant wil immers niet alleen een discussie op een redelijke manier oplossen, maar ook de discussie winnen. Tussen deze twee doelen wordt strategisch gemanoeuvreerd, er wordt gebalanceerd tussen redelijkheid en effectiviteit. Is een argumentatieve zet te redelijk, dan is hij niet effectief. Is een argumentatieve zet te effectief, dan is hij niet redelijk en begaat de discussiant een drogreden. In dit onderzoek staan twee case studies centraal. Het betreft een commercial van Heineken, waarin de hoofdpersoon (legendary hero) door weinig te drinken met een bekende DJ de zonsopkomst mag bekijken en een folder van Gall & Gall, waarin met ‘nuchtere feiten’ verantwoord alcoholgebruik wordt gestimuleerd. Deze uitingen zijn opvallend, want ze pleiten voor een beperking van alcoholconsumptie, maar hier hebben de producenten/verkopers als commerciële instellingen geen baat bij. De uitingen botsen met het principe dat promotionele uitingen van commerciële instellingen gericht zijn op de verkoop van het product. Daarom heb ik onderzocht op welke manier de bedrijven proberen om deze uitingen toch effectief te laten bijdragen aan hun retorisch doel, ervan uitgaande dat een commerciële instelling altijd het commerciële belang zal willen nastreven. Heineken manoeuvreert strategisch door het expliciete standpunt naar voren te brengen als eigenlijke standpunt, terwijl dat het niet is. ‘Sunrise belongs to moderate drinkers’, is een argument voor het standpunt: koop Heineken. De manoeuvres die Heineken maakt zijn veelal ontspoord. Onder andere doordat alleen de legendary hero Heineken drink en alleen hij seksueel succes heeft. Ook Gall & Gall blijkt uiteindelijk een ander standpunt te beargumenteren dan de folder doet geloven. De argumenten die worden gegeven voor het standpunt ‘drink niet te veel’, zijn non-argumentatie of zwak. Daarnaast lijken ze een ander standpunt in de folder te verdedigen, namelijk: koop sterke drank bij Gall & Gall. In de commerciële uitingen zonder expliciet verkoopdoel wordt gestreefd naar effectiviteit door het impliciete standpunt te verbergen, maar wel te beargumenteren door middel van strategische manoeuvres. Een pragma-dialectische analyse kan aan het licht brengen hoe ondanks het vermeende consultatiedoel toch een promotiedoel wordt nagestreefd.Show less
This thesis aims to fill the gap in research on the role of plants in Pre-Columbian societies in the Andes. In this thesis, the role of plants in Moche iconography was studied. An analysis was...Show moreThis thesis aims to fill the gap in research on the role of plants in Pre-Columbian societies in the Andes. In this thesis, the role of plants in Moche iconography was studied. An analysis was conducted on a corpus of 95 roll-out drawings. The roll out drawings are made of pots that belong to phases III and IV. In this thesis a method conceptualized by Luis Jaime Castillo was used. As a distinction was made between three stages in the analytical process, attention was paid to different aspects. First of all, the context in which the pots were produced and distributed was described. This stage was called the pre-iconographic analysis. Subsequently, the images on the pots were examined in the second stage, called iconographic analysis. The recurring plants were identified and described, their known uses were given and at last their iconographic situation was explored. In the third stage, the plants were compared. The small amount of depicted plant species was striking, for only the tillandsia, browningia, opuntia, cereus and echinopsis species were identified, despite the enormous area in which the Moche lived. A comparison between the physical description of the plants and its iconographic representation showed a striking lack of details. This was not expected if these plants had implied specific regions within the landscape and makes it doubtful whether the plants played a possible role as location indicators. The presence of roots, their floating positions and the relation between cacti and scenes that are connected with death, fertility and afterlife suggest a symbolic system of which these plants also formed part. Whereas the cacti were mainly connected to scenes of violence, the tillandsias were often shown with ritual runners, a result for which no explanation could be given.Show less
Aggressive behavior in infants is a predictor of an unfavorable development later in life. Current study investigates the relation between infant aggressive behavior, regulation capacity and...Show moreAggressive behavior in infants is a predictor of an unfavorable development later in life. Current study investigates the relation between infant aggressive behavior, regulation capacity and negative affect, and maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness. The aim of the study was to identify indicators of early infant aggression. 85 Mothers (M = 24.67 years, SD = 2.10) filled in questionnaires concerning infant aggressive behavior and temperament of their 20-month-old infant (M = 19.92 months, SD = 0.76, 54 % boys). Maternal behavior was observed during a Teaching Task. Regression and mediation analyses where conducted. Current study confirms maternal sensitivity and negative affect as predictors of infant aggressive behavior. For infant regulation capacity and intrusive parenting of the mother no predictive value was found. Maternal parenting skills did not mediate the association between infant temperament and aggression. The results suggest that infant negative affect is an important factor in the development of infant aggression and should be involved in future prevention and intervention programs together with stimulating mothers’ sensitive parenting skills.Show less
While the choice of accent in British popular music has been subject of debate for many years, there is still little known about the choice of accent in Dutch popular music. This thesis sets out to...Show moreWhile the choice of accent in British popular music has been subject of debate for many years, there is still little known about the choice of accent in Dutch popular music. This thesis sets out to describe the trend in the choice of accents among Dutch artists when singing in English and it sets out to examine how this choice correlates with the choice of topic and the stylistic choices. An analysis of one hundred songs by seventy-three Dutch artists revealed that the vast majority of the Dutch artists adopt a primarily American accent. The analysis also disclosed that there is not an obvious correlation between the choice of accent, the choice of topic and the stylistic choices in these songs. Previous research also did not really include the listener’s preference for an accent. Therefore, the second aim of this thesis is to examine whether listeners have a preference for one accent over the other and what their motivations are for this preference. A survey was conducted involving fifty-eight participants. The results of the survey showed that a large majority of the listeners preferred the British recording over the American recording. The motivations for the preference for the British recording are mostly based on the accent of the singer, the comprehensibility and the overall sound of the recording. In conclusion, this study offers support for the use of a British accent in Dutch popular music songs.Show less
Neanderthal behaviour has formed a popular and debated field of research over the past decades. Within this debate the extent to which Neanderthals show symbolic behaviour, comparable to that of...Show moreNeanderthal behaviour has formed a popular and debated field of research over the past decades. Within this debate the extent to which Neanderthals show symbolic behaviour, comparable to that of the Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH), has been an important subject. Artefacts associated with symbolic behaviour have been found within the Châtelperronian layer (authored by Neanderthals) at Grotte du Renne (France). However, the validity to interpret these as indicative of symbolic behaviour amongst Neanderthals is debated: post depositional processes are believed to have transported these artefacts from the superior Protoaurignacien layer (authored by AMH) into that of the Châtelperronian, and could also have transported Neanderthal skeletal remains from the underlying Mousterian layer. As the integrity of the Châtelperronian is generally challenged, and as at the site of Les Cottés, France, a Protoaurignacien, Châtelperronian and Mousterian layer are present, this thesis reconstructs what site formation processes might have taken place at Les Cottés, and how these site formation processes may have influenced the degree of integrity of the Châtelperronian layer. This is done by performing a fabric analysis on the Châtelperronian layer of Les Cottés. Within this analysis, the orientations of all elongated artefacts are used as indicators of the site formation processes that took place. Patterning within the orientations are used to distinguish between different types of site formation processes.Show less
Onzekere tijden, veroorzaakt door de wereldwijde kredietcrisis die uitbrak in 2008 en daardoor verschuivende motieven voor het verantwoorden door bedrijven van hun kunstcollecties, zorgen ervoor...Show moreOnzekere tijden, veroorzaakt door de wereldwijde kredietcrisis die uitbrak in 2008 en daardoor verschuivende motieven voor het verantwoorden door bedrijven van hun kunstcollecties, zorgen ervoor dat deze collecties aan veranderingen onderhevig zijn en onderwerp voor debat kunnen bieden. De crisis had impact op veel bedrijven, waarbij vooral de reputatie van de commerciele banken het moest bekopen. Hierdoor zijn mogelijke motieven, doelen en verantwoordingen voor de kunstcollecties herzien. Door inzicht te bieden in bestaande motieven, doelen en verantwoordingen voor bedrijfscollecties en de ontwikkelingen daarvan door de jaren heen, beoog ik met mijn onderzoek een uitvoerig beeld te schetsen van kunstcollecties van Nederlandse banken en de wijze waarop die zich vandaag de dag (moeten) verantwoorden.Show less
Bachelor thesis | Griekse en Latijnse taal en cultuur (BA)
closed access
Augustinus heeft na zijn bekering, in de Confessiones en de De Libero Arbitrio, geschreven over de vrije wil. Dertig jaar later schrijft een andere christelijke filosoof, Pelagius, over dit...Show moreAugustinus heeft na zijn bekering, in de Confessiones en de De Libero Arbitrio, geschreven over de vrije wil. Dertig jaar later schrijft een andere christelijke filosoof, Pelagius, over dit onderwerp, en hoewel hij Augustinus admireert is Augustinus het toch niet met Pelagius eens; hun opvattingen over de vrije wil verschillen slechts in kleine mate van elkaar. Augustinus begint werken te schrijven tegen Pelagius, waarin ook de vrije wil aan bod komt. Voor mijn scriptie heb ik onderzocht hoe de mening van Augustinus over de vrije wil zich heeft ontwikkeld, aan de hand van wat hij na zijn bekering heeft beschreven en aan de hand van zijn werken tegen Pelagius.Show less
Research master thesis | Developmental Psychopathology in Education and Child Studies (research) (MSc)
under embargo until 2035-11-28
2035-11-28T00:00:00Z
The aim of this study was to examine whether routines around bedtime mediate the relation between family disorganization and sleep quality. In addition, we explored the moderating role of child...Show moreThe aim of this study was to examine whether routines around bedtime mediate the relation between family disorganization and sleep quality. In addition, we explored the moderating role of child temperament in the relation between bedtime routines and sleep. A moderated mediation model was tested in 52 families with a three to four year old twin. We randomized the two children within the families to create two comparable samples and tested the model in both samples. Parents reported on family disorganization, child temperament, and the child´s bedtime routines and bedtimes. Actigraphy was used to assess sleep duration and sleep onset latency. No associations were found between family disorganization and sleep. Consistent bedtime routines but not consistency in bedtimes itself significantly predicted sleep quality in one of the samples. The relation between bedtime routines and sleep quality was moderated by child characteristics: Children with low levels of self-regulation have lower sleep quality when there are inconsistent routines around bedtime. These findings suggest that implementing a consistent routine around bedtime may be particularly important for children with low levels of self-regulation.Show less
In deze Masterscriptie is onderzocht hoe de toespraken van de Algemene Politieke Beschouwingen van 2014 een ‘passende’ reactie vormen op de vliegramp met MH17 en in hoeverre deze casus onderzocht...Show moreIn deze Masterscriptie is onderzocht hoe de toespraken van de Algemene Politieke Beschouwingen van 2014 een ‘passende’ reactie vormen op de vliegramp met MH17 en in hoeverre deze casus onderzocht kan worden met behulp van de Retorische exigentie-analyse. Deze analyse is gebaseerd op de exigentietheorie van Bitzer en op de Retorische Kritiek van Braet.Show less
In de periode 1945-1975 kwam de Nederlandse verzorgingsstaat tot stand. In deze periode was er grote consensus in de Nederlandse politiek over de uitbreiding van de (verplichte) sociale wetgeving....Show moreIn de periode 1945-1975 kwam de Nederlandse verzorgingsstaat tot stand. In deze periode was er grote consensus in de Nederlandse politiek over de uitbreiding van de (verplichte) sociale wetgeving. Eén partij was echter consequent tegen de invoering van nieuwe sociale wetten: de Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij (SGP). Deze scriptie beantwoord de vraag of de opvatting van staatkundig-gereformeerden ten opzichte van sociale wetgeving in genoemde periode veranderde. En was er binnen de partij sprake van verschil van opvatting? Dit wordt onderzocht aan de hand van casestudies over de invoering van de ouderdomswetten, arbeidsongeschiktheidswetten en de bijstand. Als analytisch model wordt gebruik gemaakt van de theorie van C.S.L. Janse over de ‘assimilatie’ of ‘persistentie’ van bevindelijk gereformeerden.Show less
We study the dynamics of a charged spinning particle in a Reissner-Nordström geometry using the hamiltonian formalism. We use covariant instead of canonical momentum and a worldline along which the...Show moreWe study the dynamics of a charged spinning particle in a Reissner-Nordström geometry using the hamiltonian formalism. We use covariant instead of canonical momentum and a worldline along which the spin tensor is covariantly constant. We find the equations of motion as well as the constants of motion and give a full characterization of the circular orbits for a minimal hamiltonian. We study the spin and charge dependence of the innermost stable circular orbit. In the last part we introduce a non-minimal hamiltonian, including spin-spin interaction and an interaction between the spin tensor and the electromagnetic field. We show that the conserved quantities that we found with the minimal hamiltonian are still constants of motion.Show less
This study answers the question to what extent the writings of the Dutch reformed and evangelical authors Cornelis Brem (1721-1803) and Hermanus Johannes Krom (1738-1804) were featured by an...Show moreThis study answers the question to what extent the writings of the Dutch reformed and evangelical authors Cornelis Brem (1721-1803) and Hermanus Johannes Krom (1738-1804) were featured by an innovative pneumatological scope. It is argued that Brem and Krom were inspired by John Owen, Jonathan Edwards and Moravian spirituality. As result, their pneumatology involved the theme’s creation, mission and outreach, the outpouring of the Spirit, progress in history, eschatology and ecumenism. Also, it was featured by the key concepts of love, experience and sanctification. Brem and Krom’s pneumatology was innovative in the Dutch reformed context. As such, it explains the character and origin of Dutch evangelicalism between 1770 and 1804.Show less
With the abundance of data and more sophisticated analytical capabilities, big data is receiving increasing attention in international relations research. This thesis intends to explore the...Show moreWith the abundance of data and more sophisticated analytical capabilities, big data is receiving increasing attention in international relations research. This thesis intends to explore the relevance of real-time big data analysis in violent conflict prediction and prevention by examining the state of the art of big-data based social science research, assessing the value of open data and elaborating on the question of access and the interests of stakeholders in data-sharing across sectors. Finally, three data sharing models will be visualised and the privacy vs. security dichotomy will be addressed.Show less
This thesis summarises some of the research done on fansubbing. Most of this research is anime-centred. However, another genre where fansubbing has become common practice is the focus of this...Show moreThis thesis summarises some of the research done on fansubbing. Most of this research is anime-centred. However, another genre where fansubbing has become common practice is the focus of this thesis, namely Korean drama. One of the characteristics of fansubbing discussed in this thesis is that many fansubbers have appropriated a foreignizing style of subtitling, instead of domesticizing. I suspected that this was true for the fansubbers of Korean drama as well. To investigate whether this was the case, I focussed on one specific aspect of the Korean language, which is the intricate system surrounding Korean honorifics. I chose to focus my analysis on four Korean age-related honorifics, hyung, oppa, noona, and unni and I compared the translation procedures applied to these terms by both amateur and professional subtitlers. I followed Henrik Gottlieb’s method on extra-linguistic entities to classify the translation procedures found in the subtitles as either foreignizing or domesticizing. The fansubs of the first drama, Coffee Prince, contained many foreignizations, while the fansubs of the second drama, Reply 1997, contained fewer foreignizations. This difference may be the result of the increasing amount of legal online streaming sites where fansubbers subtitle Korean dramas for free or it could be coincidence. More research is needed on fansubbing as it cannot yet be said with certainty that the conclusions drawn from anime-related research apply to other genres as well.Show less
The aim of this thesis is to discover the manner in which Classical mythology is frequently portrayed by both popular culture and museums, and whether this has an effect on members of the public....Show moreThe aim of this thesis is to discover the manner in which Classical mythology is frequently portrayed by both popular culture and museums, and whether this has an effect on members of the public. This is assessed through an analysis of popular culture, a survey answered by members of the public and museum analyses. Firstly, Classical mythology in popular culture is discussed, with the inclusion of some more in-depth case studies. These results are then used to make some predictions about the survey. The survey was created in order to discover which deities and legends of Classical mythology are familiar, how they are known and which words come to mind. Discussion and analysis of results show what the public may expect to see in a museum. The museum analyses consider several different factors in terms of the museum, as well as providing a brief history of the institution: visitors, accessibility, lighting, display, the involvement of Classical mythology and a comparison with public perceptions. Suggestions for how Classical mythology could be portrayed in museums are based on the museum analyses and survey results. The conclusion demonstrates how not everyone has a clear understanding of what is meant by Classical mythology, and that it is more associated with Greek, as opposed to Roman, mythology. Reflecting how religion was embedded in all facets of daily life, museums tend to represent gods under all different kinds of themes. Issues encountered during this thesis included a non-representative sample of the public, in addition to a bias towards museums in both the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, where the museum analyses took place. Further research could include a more representative sample, or cover other countries and museums. It is hoped that this thesis will make a useful contribution towards the field of Museum Studies, and through that, to archaeology. It demonstrates how members of the public perceive Classical mythology, and suggests how museums could portray it in order to correct misconceptions, as well as engage as large an audience as possible. This thesis shows that the public tend to associate Classical mythology with Greece rather than Rome, and as a result are more familiar with ancient Greek deities. Additionally, it shows that popular culture has a significant effect on the public's awareness of certain deities. As the portrayal of antiquities is something rarely studied, this thesis is a unique contribution and should be of benefit to museums.Show less
A historiographical history of the Dutch colony of New Netherland. The historiography has changed a lot over the years. From Diedrich Knickerbocker to Russell Shorto, every writer had their own...Show moreA historiographical history of the Dutch colony of New Netherland. The historiography has changed a lot over the years. From Diedrich Knickerbocker to Russell Shorto, every writer had their own heroes and focus. This thesis is how this historiography has changed over the years.Show less
